Operating principle of VOD refining furnace

VOD refining furnace is a commonly used equipment in the metallurgical industry, mainly used for refining molten steel to improve its quality. The operating principle of VOD refining furnace is to introduce oxygen into the furnace and react chemically with impurities in the molten steel, causing it to be oxidized or reduced, thereby achieving the goal of purifying the molten steel and adjusting its composition.

The main components of VOD refining furnace include furnace body, oxygen supply system, bottom blowing oxygen system, and waste gas treatment system. Firstly, pour the molten steel into the furnace body, and then inject oxygen into the furnace bottom through the bottom blowing oxygen system. The bottom blowing oxygen system usually includes a bottom blowing oxygen gun and an oxygen flow regulating device, which controls the force and position of the bottom blowing oxygen by adjusting the flow and pressure of the oxygen.

Under the action of bottom blowing oxygen, impurities such as silicon, manganese, carbon, etc. in molten steel will undergo chemical reactions with oxygen. For example, silicon reacts with oxygen to produce silicon dioxide, manganese reacts with oxygen to produce manganese dioxide, and carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. These oxidized impurities will form bubbles in the furnace body and float up to the surface of the molten steel, thereby achieving the purification of the molten steel.

At the same time, bottom blowing oxygen can also adjust the composition of molten steel. When there is too much carbon in the molten steel, bottom blowing oxygen will react with the carbon in it, oxidizing it into carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the carbon content in the molten steel. This process is called reduction.

During the operation of the VOD refining furnace, some operations need to be carried out to control the temperature and chemical reactions inside the furnace. For example, the intensity and speed of the reaction can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate and pressure of bottom blowing oxygen, thereby controlling the degree of purification and composition of molten steel. In addition, the composition of molten steel can be adjusted by adding appropriate alloy elements to meet different process requirements.

Regarding the operating principle of VOD refining furnace, it should be noted that the force and position of bottom blowing oxygen need to be adjusted according to the specific situation. If the action of bottom blowing oxygen is too strong or the position is not accurate, it may cause severe oscillation of the steel liquid and even damage the furnace lining. Therefore, experienced operators are required to control the operation of VOD refining furnaces.

In summary, the VOD refining furnace introduces oxygen into the furnace and undergoes chemical reactions with impurities in the molten steel, achieving purification and composition adjustment of the molten steel. By reasonably controlling the force and position of bottom blowing oxygen, an efficient steel refining process can be achieved. This type of equipment plays a crucial role in the metallurgical industry, improving the quality of molten steel and meeting different process requirements.


E-mail: salesml@hanmetallurgy.com (Mary Li)

Tel / Whatsapp / Wechat: 0086 18392033938

Xi'an Hani Metallurgy

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